charge

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

13世紀(jì)初期進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自古法語(yǔ)的chargier，意為裝載，負(fù)擔(dān)；最初源自拉丁語(yǔ)的carrus，意為馬車。

charge的基本意思是“裝載”“填充”直到滿負(fù)荷,由此產(chǎn)生許多新義,如“使充滿”“命令”“使承擔(dān)”“沖鋒”“收費(fèi)”等,美語(yǔ)中還可表示“控告”。本詞強(qiáng)調(diào)所加的負(fù)擔(dān)超出接受能力,故含有勞累、負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重或被壓倒的意味。
charge用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。作“控告”解時(shí),可以接that引導(dǎo)的從句。作“收費(fèi)”解時(shí)，可以接雙賓語(yǔ)，可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；表示“價(jià)格貴”或“收費(fèi)貴”時(shí),不能說(shuō)charge expensively,而用too much或heavily等修飾。
charge用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),常接for表示“收…的費(fèi)”,接down表示“沖鋒”。

charge作“負(fù)責(zé),管理”解時(shí),是不可數(shù)名詞; 作“指責(zé),指控,控告”解時(shí),是可數(shù)名詞,且后可接that從句作同位語(yǔ); 作“收費(fèi),要價(jià)”解時(shí),主要指因某種服務(wù)而索取的費(fèi)用,是可數(shù)名詞。
in charge of表示“某人負(fù)責(zé)或照管某人〔物〕”; in the charge of則表示“某人〔物〕由某人負(fù)責(zé)或照管”。
charge表示控訴時(shí)，常表示為charge sb with sth，表示因某事控訴某人，如charge Jack with murder（控訴杰克謀殺）；
accuse也表示控告某人某事，但是與介詞of連用，如accuse Jack of murder；
charge作名詞時(shí)，英美人都習(xí)慣在其后接that從句。They brought the charge that Joseph had committed murder.
charge作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，美國(guó)人習(xí)慣在其后接that從句，而英國(guó)人則不。They charged that Joseph had committed murder.

I am going to charge a new dress, and pay for it at the end of the month.
我要去買一件新衣服,記在賬上,月底付款。

(MONEY) to ask an amount of money for something, especially a service or activity
(ACCUSE FORMALLY) (of the police) to make a formal statement saying that someone is accused of a crime
(MOVE FORWARD) to move forward quickly and violently, especially towards something that has caused difficulty or anger
(EXPLOSIVE) to put enough explosive into a gun to fire it once
(ORDER) to order someone to do something
(SUPPLY ENERGY) to put electricity into an electrical device such as a battery
(MONEY) the amount of money that you have to pay for something, especially for an activity or service
(FORMAL ACCUSATION) a formal police statement saying that someone is accused of a crime
(CONTROL) being the person who has control of or is responsible for someone or something
(EXPLOSIVE) the amount of explosive to be fired at one time, or the bullet or other explosive object shot from a gun
(MOVE FORWARD) an attack in which people or animals suddenly run forward
(ORDER) an order to do something
(SUPPLY ENERGY) the amount of electricity that an electrical device stores or that a substance carries

If you charge someone an amount of money, you ask them to pay that amount for something that you have sold to them or done for them.
To charge something to a person or organization means to tell the people providing it to send the bill to that person or organization. To charge something to someone's account means to add it to their account so they can pay for it later.
When the police charge someone, they formally accuse them of having done something illegal.
If you charge toward someone or something, you move quickly and aggressively toward them.
Charge is also a noun.
To charge a battery means to pass an electrical current through it in order to make it more powerful or to make it last longer.
Charge up means the same as .
A charge is an amount of money that you have to pay for a service.
&rarrsee also service charge
A charge is a formal accusation that someone has committed a crime.
If you describe someone as your charge, they have been given to you to be taken care of and you are responsible for them.
An electrical charge is an amount of electricity that is held in or carried by something.
If you take charge of someone or something, you make yourself responsible for them and take control over them. If someone or something is in your charge, you are responsible for them.
If you are in charge in a particular situation, you are the most senior person and have control over something or someone.
If something is free of charge, it does not cost anything.