subject

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

n. 主題；起因；科目；主詞；（繪畫(huà)、攝影等的）題材；實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象；主語(yǔ)；國(guó)民；主旋律；主體；中心實(shí)體
adj. 易遭受……的；有待于……的；受……支配的；受異族統(tǒng)治的；臣服的
adv. 在……的條件下
v. （使）臣服

14世紀(jì)初期進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自古法語(yǔ)的suget，意為平民，臣民；最初源自拉丁語(yǔ)的subjectus：sub （往下） + jacere (放置），意為放置其下。

adj性質(zhì)的同根詞
subjective：主觀的；個(gè)人的；自覺(jué)的。
subjectivist：主觀主義的。
adv性質(zhì)的同根詞
subjectively：主觀地；臆想地；內(nèi)省地。
n性質(zhì)的同根詞
subjectivity：主觀性，主觀。
subjection：隸屬；服從；征服。
subjectivism：主觀主義；主觀性。
subjectivist：主觀主義者。
vt性質(zhì)的同根詞
subjugate：征服；使服從；克制。

subject是可數(shù)名詞,基本意思是“主題,題目”,指文章或其他作品的題目或主題,引申可表示“話題,考慮的問(wèn)題”“科目,學(xué)科”。在語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ)中也可作“主語(yǔ)”解。
subject還可作“臣民,人民”解,一般指君主國(guó)的臣民百姓或國(guó)民。
subject接介詞for可表示“…的原因或理由”。

subject用作動(dòng)詞的意思是“征服,使服從”,指通過(guò)自身的權(quán)威使某人或某物處于自己的影響或控制之下或使某人或某物受自己的支配。引申可指“使遭受,經(jīng)歷”。
subject多用作及物動(dòng)詞,后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)?？捎糜诒粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
subject后接介詞to可表示“遭受…”,也可以表示“處于…的控制下”。

subject用作形容詞的基本意思是“易受…的,傾向于…的,易患…的,可能(有)…的”,在句中只能作表語(yǔ),常與to連用。
subject還可作“隸屬于…的,受…支配的”解,指須服從某事物或某人或受某事物或某人支配,在句中常用作表語(yǔ); subject還可指政治上“不獨(dú)立的”,在句中常用作定語(yǔ)。
subject to引出的形容詞短語(yǔ),還可在句子中作狀語(yǔ),意為“在…條件下”“取決于…”。
subject無(wú)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式。

(AREA OF DISCUSSION) the thing that is being discussed, considered, or studied
(AREA OF STUDY) an area of knowledge that is studied in school, college, or university
(STORY/PAINTING) a person, thing, or situation that is written about in a book, article, etc. or shown in a picture, etc.
(GRAMMAR) the person or thing that performs the action of a verb, or is joined to a description by a verb
(PERSON) a person who lives in or who has the right to live in a particular country, especially a country with a king or queen
to defeat people or a country and then control them against their wishes and limit their freedom
(HAVING) to have or experience a particular thing, especially something unpleasant
(DEPEND) only able to happen if something else happens
(GOVERN) under the political control of another country or state

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Someone or something that is the subject of criticism, study, or an investigation is being criticized, studied, or investigated.
A subject is an area of knowledge or study, especially one that you study in school, or college.
In an experiment or piece of research, the subject is the person or animal that is being tested or studied.
An artist's subjects are the people, animals, or objects that he or she paints, models, or photographs.
In grammar, the subject of a clause is the noun group that refers to the person or thing that is doing the action expressed by the verb. For example, in "My cat keeps catching birds," "my cat" is the subject.
To be subject to something means to be affected by it or to be likely to be affected by it.
If someone is subject to a particular set of rules or laws, they have to obey those rules or laws.
If you subject someone to something unpleasant, you make them experience it.
The people who live in or belong to a particular country, usually one ruled by a monarch, are the subjects of that monarch or country.
When someone involved in a conversation changes the subject, they start talking about something else, often because the previous subject was embarrassing.
If an event will take place subject to a condition, it will take place only if that thing happens.